Benzhydryl ethers



United States Patent 3,544,557 BENZHYDRYL ETHERS Wijbe T. Nauta, Nieuw Loosdrecht, Netherlands, as-

signor to N.V. Koninklijke Pharmacentische Fabrieken v/h Brocades-Stheeman 8: Pharmacia, Amsterdam, Netherlands N0 Drawing. Filed Aug. 4, 1967, Ser. No. 658,355 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Aug. 9, 1966, 35,658/66 Int. Cl. C07d 41/08 US. Cl. 260-239 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to benzhydryl ethers which can be utilized as local anesthetics, spasmolytics, anticonvulsants, sedatives, blood vessel dilators, or anti-Parkinson agents. The compounds of this invention have the formula 0 R; I R4 OCHzCHzR wherein R, R R R and R are as defined herein.

This invention relates to new therapeutically useful basic benzhydryl ethers and acid-addition and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, to processes for their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

The new benzhydryl ethers of the invention are those of the general formula wherein R R R and R are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R represents a saturated monocyclic or bicyclic nitrogen-containing group having at least seven ring atoms, for example, hexahydroazepine and 3-azabicyclo [3,2,2]nonane, attached through the nitrogen atom to the ethylene radical, and acid-addition and quaternary ammonium salts thereof. Preferred compounds are those having an ortho lower alkyl group attached to one of the phenyl nuclei and salts thereof. Specifically preferred are 3-[2- [(2 methylbenzhydryhoxy] ethyl] 3 azabicyclo[3,2,2] nonane and its salts, which have sedative properties and 1-[2-[Z-methylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] hexahydroazepine and -1 [2 [(2 tert.-butylbenzhydryl)oxy] ethyl] -hexahydroazepine and their salts, which are anti-Parkinson agents. By the term lower alkyl as used in this specification is meant straight or branched chain alkyl groups having from one to about six carbon atoms.

The benzhydryl ethers of Formula I have valuable therapeutic properties: they have local anesthetic, spasmolytic, anticonvulsive, sedative, blood vessel dilating, or analgesic properties: some of them have anti-Parkinson activity. They can be administered orally to patients, both animal and human, in daily dosages of 05-10 mg./ kg. When used as a sedative, a suitable dose for an adult human being is 25 to 100 mg. three times a day. In the treatment of Parkinsons disease, a suitable dose for adults is 12.5 to 50 mg. three times a day. Solutions of (ll-2% (w./v.) may be used for local anesthetic purposes.

3,544,557. Patented Dec. 1, 1970 ice Rt Rt R: I R4 with a Z-substituted ethanol of the formula:

wherein R R R R, and R have the meanings hereinbefore defined. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a condensing agent such as toluene-psulphonic acid.

In another method of preparing the new compounds, a benzhydrol of Formula II is first reacted with a 1,2-dihaloethane of the Formula X-CH CH -X, or 2-haloethanol of the formula HO-CH CH X, wherein X is a halogen atom, preferably chlorine, and the resulting compound of the formula:

in R, @l] a, l a.

is reacted with a compound of the formula HR (wherein the various symbols are as hereinbefore defined), the hydrogen atom being attached to nitrogen. The reactions are carried out in manner known per se for reactions of the same general type. It is preferable when a 1,2-dihaloethane is employed as reactant to add the benzhydrol of Formula II, which may be dissolved in an inert organic solvent, to an excess of the 1,2.-dihaloethane so as to prevent the formation of appreciable quantities of a. product containing two benzhydryl groups by reaction of both halogen atoms of the dihalide with a hydroxyl group of a benzhydrol molecule of Formula 11.

According to another feature of the invention, the compounds of Formula -I are prepared by reacting a benzhydrol derivative of the formula:

5 R2 I R4 with an ethyl halide of the formula:

XCHg-'CH2-R VI wherein M represents an alkali metal atom, preferably sodium, and the other symbols are as hereinbefore defined. The reaction is preferably carried out by heating the reactants in an inert organic solvent, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon, for example, benzene, toluene or xylene.

In still another method, the new compounds of the invention are prepared by reduction of the carbonyl group of an acetamide derivative of the formula:

wherein the various symbols are as hereinbefore defined to methylene (i.e., CH by methods known per se, for reducing a carbonyl groups in an amide to CH for example, with lithium aluminum hydride or diborane. The reduction is preferably carried out in an inert organic solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran.

By the term methods known per se as used in this specification is meant methods heretofore used as described in the chemical literature. The starting materials of Formula III can be obtained by reaction of the compound H-R with a 2-ha1oethanol of the formula VIII wherein R and X are as hereinbefore defined. The reaction may be carried out in an inert organic solvent medium, e.g., diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, and preferably in the presence of an acid-binding agent such as an alkali metal amide or hydride, when a hydrogen halide is formed.

(b) Reaction of an acetic acid derivative of the formu- CHrCOOR5 IX The filtrate and the extract are combined and, after addition of norit and 20 g. of sodium hydroxide, submitted to steam distillation. The distillation is continued until the distillate no longer changes the color of red litmus paper. After cooling and filtration, the residue is extracted with diethyl ether and the extract is dried with sodium sulphate. Upon addition of a solution of hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether, there is obtained the hydrochloride of 1[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethy1]-hexahydroazepine. Its melting point after crystallization from a mixture of diethyl ether and ethanol is 143-144.5 0.; yield 40%.

Analysis.-Calcd for C H NOCl (percent): C, 72.9; H, 8.10; N, 4.05. Found (percent): C, 73.0; H, 8.2; N, 4.1.

EXAMPLE 2 Following the general procedure described in Example l, but substituting 2-methylbenzhydryloxy ethyl, 4- methylbenzhydryloxy ethyl, Z-tert-butylbenzhydryloxy ethyl and 2,2',6,6-tetramethylbenzhydryl chlorides for 2- (diphenylmethoxy)ethyl chloride, the product formed are 1-[2-[ (Z-methylbenzhydryloxy] ethyl] hexahydroazepine; 1 2-[(4 methylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl]hexahydroazepine; 1-[2-[(2-tert butylbenzhydryl)oxy[ethyl]hexahydroazepine; and 1-[2-[(2,2,6,"6'-tetramethylbenzhydryl) oxy]ethyl]hexahydroazepine hydrochlorides, respectively. These compounds have the formula. set forth below and were obtained in the yield indicated:

EXAMPLE 3 A mixture of 36.8 g. (0.2 mol.) of benzhydrol, 37.2 g. (0.22 mol.) of N-(Z-hydroxyethyl)hexahydroazepine and 41.3 g. (0.24 mol.) of toluene-p-sulphonic acid is heated at 180 C. in vacuo for five hours. After cooling a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide is added and the mixture is extracted with diethyl ether. The ethereal solution is dried and a solutionof hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether is added. There is obtained the hydrochloride of 1-[Z-(diphenylmethoxy)ethy1]hexahydroazepine. Its melting point after crystallization from acetone is 140 142 0.; yield 45%.

stated:

EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 33 g. (0.33 mol.) of hexahydroazepine, 82 g. -(0.33 mol.) of 2-(diphenylmethoxy) ethyl chloride, 32 g. (0.5 mol.) of sodium bicarbonate, 300 ml. of ben zone and 200 ml. of ethanol is boiled under reflux for ninety hours. After cooling, the mixture is filtered under suction and the solid extracted once more with ethanol.

H H H ortho-CH: ortho-C H: H H

Melting Yield, point, C percent ortho-CH para-CH5 ortho-OH ortho-t.-butyl EXAMPLE 4 To a solution of 36.8 g. (0.2 mol.) of benzhydrol in 240 ml. of anhydrous toluene is added a solution of 4.6 g. (0.2 at.) sodium in 20 ml. of methanol. The mixture is heated to a temperature of 70-80 C., whereupon azeotropical distillation of methanol starts. After removal of the methanol, the sodium methylate solution is cooled to 30 C., and then with stirring a solution of 41.3 g. (0.22 mol.) of N-(2-chloroethyl)-3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]- nonane in 200 ml. of toluene is added. The mixture is boiled under refiux for eighteen hours. After cooling, the mixture is washed with Water and dried with potassium carbonate. Upon addition of an anhydrous solution of hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether, there is obtained the hydrochloride of 3-[Z-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-3-azabicyclo-[3,2,2]nonane. Its melting point after crystallization from anhydrous ethanol is 198.5-199.5 C., yield 40%.

Analysis.Calcd for C H NOCl (percent): 74.29; H, 8.08; N, 3.77. Found (percent): C, 74.0; H,

active substances, but the preferred types are those suitable for oral administration and especially tablets, including sustained release tablets, pills and capsules including the substance. The tablets and pills may be formulated in the usual manner with one or more pharma- 8.l; N, 3.6. 5 ceutically acceptable diluents or excipients, for example, EXAMPLE 5 lactose or starch, and include materials of a lubricating Following the general procedure described in Example nature for example calcium or magnesium 4, but substituting different appropriately substituted benz- Capsules F of a bsorbable matenal $11911 as f hydrols for the benzhydrol, 3 [z (benzhydryloxy)ethyn may contain the active substance alone or in admixture 3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonanes of the formula shown below Yvlth a Sohd or hquld l Llqmfl Preparatlons y are obtained in the form of their hydrochlorides: the forfn of SUSPeHSIPHS emulsons m or f of the active substance 1n Water or other llquid medium R1 R commonly used for making orally acceptable pharmceutical formulations, such as liquid paraffin, or a syrup or elixir base. The active substance may also be made up H in a form suitable for parenteral administration, i.e., as R2 0 R a suspension or emulsion in sterile water or an organic l liquid usually employed for injectable preparations, for O CH2TCHZT example, a vegetable oil such as olive oil, or a sterile solution in an organic solvent.

Melting Yield, R1 R2 R4 point, 0. percent H H citric-0H5 H 178-180 55 H H para-CH3 H 188. 5-190. 5 44 ortho-CH ortho-CH: ortho-CHz ortho-CHa 1 207-208 48 H H ortho-t.-butyl H 175. 5477. 5 50 1 Dissolved.

The inve-ntion may be variously otherwise embodied The compounds formed have the names: 3-[2-[(2- Within the Scope of the appended claims methylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] 3 azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane; 3-[2-[(4-methylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] 3 azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane; 3 [2[2-tert-butylbenzhydryl)oxy] ethyl]-3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane; and 3-[2-[(2,2',6,6- tetramethylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] 3 azabicyclo[3,2,2]

nonane.

EXAMPLE 6 Coated tablets containing 50 mg. of 3-[2-[(2-methylbenzhydryl) oxy] ethyl] -3azabicyclo[ 3,2,2] nonane hydrochloride are prepared as follows:

Ingredients: Kilograms 3 [2 [(2-methylbenzhydryl)oxy] ethyl]-3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane hydrochloride 20 Sugar (sucrose) 8 Milk sugar 8 Starch 8 Talc 4 Stearic acid 2 EXAMPLE 7 In the same manner as set forth in Example 6, 200 mg.

tablets are prepared, each containing:

Milligrams 1 [2 [(2 tert.-butylbenzhydryl)oxy] ethyl]hexahydroazepine hydrochloride Milk sugar 132 Starch 33 Magnesium stearate 2 Talc 8 The invention includes within its scope pharmaceutical preparations containing, as the active ingredient, at least one of the benzhydryl ethers of general Formula I, or nontoxic acid-addition or quaternary ammonium salt thereof, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The preparations may take any of the forms customarily employed for administration of therapeutically What is claimed is: 1. A compound having the formula wherein R R R and R are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen or lower alkyl; and R is 3- azabicyclo [3,2,2] nonane-3-yl.

2. A compound in accordance with claim 1 having the name 3-[2-(benzhydryloxy)ethyl] 3 azabicyclo[3,2,2]

nonane.

3. A compound in accordance with claim 1 having the name 3-[2-[(2-methylbenzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] 3 azabicyclo [3,2,2] nonane.

4. A compound in accordance with claim 1 having the name 3[2-[(4-methylbe-nzhydryl)oxy]ethyl] 3 azabicyclo [3,2,2] nonane.

5. A compound in accordance with claim 1 having the name 3- [2- (Z-tert-butylbenzhydryl oxy] ethyl] -3-azabicyclo [3,2,2] nonane.

6. A compound in accordance with claim 1 having the name 3-[2-[(2,2',6,6-tetramethylbenzhydryl)oxy] ethyl]- 3-azabicyclo[3,2,2]nonane.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,454,092 11/1948 Rieveschl 260294.7

OTHER REFERENCES Idson: Chem. Reviews, vol. 47, pp. 317-320 and 392 399 (1950). ALTON D. ROLLINS, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

@2 3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No- 3,544,557 Dated December 1, 1970 Inventofls) Wijbe T. Nauta It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 3, line 20, "as" should read or Column 4, 11' 9, "l[2" should read l-[2- and on line 12, "C, 72.5 should read C, 72.94 and on line 54, "142" should read 143 and the table appearing after line 54 shot appear after the first formula.

Signed and sealed this 30th day of March 1 971 (SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETGHER,JH. WILLIAM E. SGHUYLER, JR. Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

